इंग्रजी भाषेतील उभयान्वयी अव्यये, भाग 1,CO - ORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

 

 We often use English in our daily lives. Most of the times we use hundreds of meaningful words. We use nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, interjections, conjunctions and many other types of words........ 
We use phrases and idioms. We use different types of sentences. We use different basic patterns.We use different grammatical structures.. We touch almost everything that is involved in English..... 
Really our journey of English language is often pleasant and joyful. Specially in India when we speak English....a sense of proud is developed in our minds... 
How wonderful it would be, if we started analyzing everything that is being utilized by us in terms of English..... 
That's what came to my mind and I have  started explaining  and writing about every little term and concept used in English to make our English richer and more valuable . 
Now see the following  title...... 
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What are CO- ORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS? 
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Many a time  we hear the word conjunction.  Conjuct is an adjective. It means joined or united. Hence conjunction means combination. Combination of what? Combination of two or more words, combination of two or more sentences, combination of two or more phrases, combination of two or more clauses! Conjuctions are the words which join together two or more words, sentences, phrases and classes. 
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CONJUNCTIONS are of two types :
1) Co-ordinating Conjunctions
2) Sub-ordinating Conjunctions
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In this post we are going to learn interesting information about CO-ORDINATING conjunctions. 
So take a look at the following questions.......
1) What are Co-ordinating conjunctions?
2) What do they join? 
3) Where are they used? 
4) How many Co-ordinating conjunctions are there in English? 
5) How many types of co -ordinating conjunctions are there? 
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Co -ordinating conjunctions connect two sentences, clauses of equal rank and there are four types of Co-ordinating conjunctions in English. 
CO- ORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS are of four types. Now let's see them one by one in detail..... and observe what do they connect.... 
A)  Cumulative Conjunction 
B)  Adversative Conjunction 
C)  Alternative Conjunction 
D)  Illative Conjunction 
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A)  CUMULATIVE CONJUNCTIONS:
Now look at the list of cumulative conjunctions and how they are connecting two or more words, clauses and sentences...
1) AND 
2) AS WELL AS 
3) NOT ONLY.... BUT ALSO 
4) BOTH.... AND
5) THAN
6) NO LESS THAN 
Examples....
1)Aditya and Rajesh are playing badminton. 
2) Farmers and  soldiers are backbones of each country. 
3)  Seema as well as her brother worked hard to support their family.
4) I finished tea as well as tea in no time. 
5) Lata was both wise and clean. 
6) Ajay is both clever and helpful. 
7) India is not only clean but also a rich country. 
8) Not only Sunil but also his father arrived late. 
9) No less than you were answerable for victory. 
10) No less than him was responsible for my astounding progress. 
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B) ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS:
Here we can see useful Adversative conjunctions and their uses... 
1) BUT
2) YET
3) STILL 
4) HOWEVER 
5) WHEREAS
6) ONLY
7) NEVERTHELESS 
Examples.... 
1)  Ganesha was unwell, but he didn't play truant. 
2) Students were fatigued, but they threw themselves into the water to touch the finishing line. 
3) I was very slow , but I was very confident.
4)  Deepak is at home, yet he is amassing a fortune.  
5)My uncle is rich, yet he is a skinflint and miser person. 
6) I had lost my cool,  still I buried the hatchet with you. 
7) She tangled with me quite often, still I revere her. 
8) You are grateful whereas your siblings are thankless. 
9) I'm very straightforward whereas my son is not outspoken. 
10)  I have decided to throw a party, however I am feeling the pinch. 
11) My son topped the exam, however he wasn't that prepared. 
12) Temperature was frosty, nevertheless they dived without hesitation. 
13) He will help you, nevertheless he is  bankrupt. 
14) She was all right, only she had indolence.
15) I will try to reach in time , only that road is totally broken. 
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C) ALTERNATIVE CONJUNCTIONS:
Alternative conjuctions and a conducive list of meaningful sentences made by using them is waiting for you..... 
1) EITHER... OR
2) NEITHER..... NOR
3) OTHERWISE 
4) OR
5) ELSE
6) NOR
Examples......
1) He will visit either Nanded or  Nashik. 
2) My friends can either crack jokes or make fun. 
3) I will take neither tea nor coffee. 
4) I know neither Marathi nor Hindi. 
5) We have to keep distance of two metres otherwise we will fall prey to corona virus. 
6) Tell the truth otherwise you'll be penalized. 
7) What would you prefer, tea or coffee? 
8) Infants or toddlers are the sources of happiness in families. 
9) You must plead guilty, else you will be punished. 
10) Run fast, else you will not reach on time. 
11) You are neither educated nor cultured. 
12) You're either a doctor or an angel. 
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D)  ILLATIVE CONJUNCTIONS:
illative conjunctions are waiting for you..... 
1) THEREFORE
2) SO
3) HENCE 
4) FOR
5) CONSEQUENTLY
Examples.... 
1)  I started cycling therefore I lost my weight. 
2) My son cleared a tough exam therefore people greeted him. 
3) I felt unsafe so I left that place. 
4) He helped me during tough time so I thanked him. 
5) It's too cold nowdays, hence I have stopped going to morning walk. 
6) It's very costly, hence we don't afford to buy it. 
7) She shouted at me for I had mistreated her. 
8) They cheered me for I had won a medal. 
9) He studied very hard, consequently he got the job. 
10) Students cleaned the classroom, consequently teacher lauded them. 
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